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FreeBSD 4.8
Monday, September 22, 2003
Selecting Windows
To run any kind of windows we need to edit this file .xinitrc and put this command ".xinitrc"
/root/.xinitrc
exec startkde
/root/.xinitrc
exec startkde
Sunday, September 21, 2003
FreeBSD ftp installation
Create BookDisk
1-. kern.flp
2-. mfsroot.flp
Using fdimage.exe
ex:
fdimage kern.flp a:
Copy All File FreeBSD cd to folder <4.8-RELEASE>
1-. kern.flp
2-. mfsroot.flp
Using fdimage.exe
ex:
fdimage kern.flp a:
Copy All File FreeBSD cd to folder <4.8-RELEASE>
Wednesday, September 03, 2003
Streamyx Dialer
----------------
# MaUi^ (Feb 26, 2003) http://staff.MyBSD.org.my/maui
# ADSL form ( /etc/ppp/ppp.conf )
# File ni kene letak dalam /etc/ppp/
# Perhatian! kene ada space pada setiap line di dalam satu label (label bermula dengan ":")
# Tanda "#" di depan line menandakan ppp tidak membaca line ini (remark)
# untuk dial, taip --> ppp -ddial label (sebarang label yang ada)
default:
# ------------------------------
# memberi kebenaran user bernama menu membuat dialing
# allow users menu
# ------------------------------
# setkan default gateway bila online
add default HISADDR
# ------------------------------
# enablekan nat untuk sharing internet
nat enable yes
# ------------------------------
# enable dcc send pada client di belakang gateway
nat same_ports yes
nat use_sockets yes
# ------------------------------
# untuk cek connection error/link/speed : tail -f /var/log/ppp.log
set log phase tun connect
# ------------------------------
# redirect port dari luar ke mana2 ip belakang gateway
# nat port tcp
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:80 8080
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:21 2121
# ------------------------------
# auto set dns server dalam /etc/resolv.conf
# enable dns
# atau disable terus auto set dns
disable dns
# atau pakai dns server lain
# set dns 127.0.0.1
# ------------------------------
# tak perlu sangat benda ni.
# enable pap
# disable lqr
# deny lqr
# disable pred1
# deny pred1
# ------------------------------
# ADSL Connection label (ppp over ethernet/PPPoE)
adsl:
# ------------------------------
# rl1 adalah device untuk membuat pppoe, tukar ikut device network card anda
# kalau line selalu putus atau tak stable,
# setkan ip "bodoh" pada rl1 ni (ni on-fly, temp!) : ifconfig rl1 0.0.0.0 mtu 1492
# nak save letak ni dalam /etc/rc.conf : ifconfig_rl1="0.0.0.0 mtu 1492"
set device PPPoE:rl1
# ------------------------------
enable lqr
set cd 5
set dial
set login
set redial 0 0
set speed sync
set mru 1492
set mtu 1492
set ctsrts off
# ------------------------------
# setkan login name dan password!
set authname loginname@isp
set authkey yourpassword
# ------------------------------
# file tamat, boleh tambah lagi sebanyak mana label yang anda mahu.
Dialup (external modem)
--------------------------
# MaUi^ (Feb 26, 2003) http://staff.MyBSD.org.my/maui
# Dialup form ( /etc/ppp/ppp.conf )
# File ni kene letak dalam /etc/ppp/
# Perhatian! kene ada space pada setiap line di dalam satu label (label bermula dengan ":")
# Tanda "#" di depan line menandakan ppp tidak membaca line ini (remark)
# untuk dial, taip --> ppp -ddial label (sebarang label yang ada)
default:
# ------------------------------
# memberi kebenaran user bernama menu membuat dialing
# allow users menu
# ------------------------------
# setkan default gateway bila online
add default HISADDR
# ------------------------------
# enablekan nat untuk sharing internet
nat enable yes
# ------------------------------
# enable dcc send pada client di belakang gateway
nat same_ports yes
nat use_sockets yes
# ------------------------------
# untuk cek connection error/link/speed : tail -f /var/log/ppp.log
set log phase tun connect
# ------------------------------
# redirect port dari luar ke mana2 ip belakang gateway
# nat port tcp
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:80 8080
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:21 2121
# ------------------------------
# auto set dns server dalam /etc/resolv.conf
# enable dns
# atau disable terus auto set dns
disable dns
# atau pakai dns server lain
# set dns 127.0.0.1
# ------------------------------
set redial 3 0
set reconnect 2 10
# ------------------------------
# /dev/cuaa0 = com1 , /dev/cuaa1 = com2
set device /dev/cuaa1
# ------------------------------
set speed 115200
set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 5 \"\" AT OK-AT-OK ATE1Q0 OK \\dATDT\\T TIMEOUT 40 CONNECT"
set login
set timeout 15
set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0
set openmode active
# ------------------------------
# tak perlu sangat benda ni.
# enable pap
# disable lqr
# deny lqr
# disable pred1
# deny pred1
# ------------------------------
# Dial-up Connection label (external Modem sahaja!)
tmnet:
set phone 1515
set authname loginname
set authkey yourpassword
jaring:
set phone 1511
set authname loginname
set authkey yourpassword
# file tamat, boleh tambah lagi sebanyak mana label yang anda mahu.
----------------
# MaUi^ (Feb 26, 2003) http://staff.MyBSD.org.my/maui
# ADSL form ( /etc/ppp/ppp.conf )
# File ni kene letak dalam /etc/ppp/
# Perhatian! kene ada space pada setiap line di dalam satu label (label bermula dengan ":")
# Tanda "#" di depan line menandakan ppp tidak membaca line ini (remark)
# untuk dial, taip --> ppp -ddial label (sebarang label yang ada)
default:
# ------------------------------
# memberi kebenaran user bernama menu membuat dialing
# allow users menu
# ------------------------------
# setkan default gateway bila online
add default HISADDR
# ------------------------------
# enablekan nat untuk sharing internet
nat enable yes
# ------------------------------
# enable dcc send pada client di belakang gateway
nat same_ports yes
nat use_sockets yes
# ------------------------------
# untuk cek connection error/link/speed : tail -f /var/log/ppp.log
set log phase tun connect
# ------------------------------
# redirect port dari luar ke mana2 ip belakang gateway
# nat port tcp
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:80 8080
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:21 2121
# ------------------------------
# auto set dns server dalam /etc/resolv.conf
# enable dns
# atau disable terus auto set dns
disable dns
# atau pakai dns server lain
# set dns 127.0.0.1
# ------------------------------
# tak perlu sangat benda ni.
# enable pap
# disable lqr
# deny lqr
# disable pred1
# deny pred1
# ------------------------------
# ADSL Connection label (ppp over ethernet/PPPoE)
adsl:
# ------------------------------
# rl1 adalah device untuk membuat pppoe, tukar ikut device network card anda
# kalau line selalu putus atau tak stable,
# setkan ip "bodoh" pada rl1 ni (ni on-fly, temp!) : ifconfig rl1 0.0.0.0 mtu 1492
# nak save letak ni dalam /etc/rc.conf : ifconfig_rl1="0.0.0.0 mtu 1492"
set device PPPoE:rl1
# ------------------------------
enable lqr
set cd 5
set dial
set login
set redial 0 0
set speed sync
set mru 1492
set mtu 1492
set ctsrts off
# ------------------------------
# setkan login name dan password!
set authname loginname@isp
set authkey yourpassword
# ------------------------------
# file tamat, boleh tambah lagi sebanyak mana label yang anda mahu.
Dialup (external modem)
--------------------------
# MaUi^ (Feb 26, 2003) http://staff.MyBSD.org.my/maui
# Dialup form ( /etc/ppp/ppp.conf )
# File ni kene letak dalam /etc/ppp/
# Perhatian! kene ada space pada setiap line di dalam satu label (label bermula dengan ":")
# Tanda "#" di depan line menandakan ppp tidak membaca line ini (remark)
# untuk dial, taip --> ppp -ddial label (sebarang label yang ada)
default:
# ------------------------------
# memberi kebenaran user bernama menu membuat dialing
# allow users menu
# ------------------------------
# setkan default gateway bila online
add default HISADDR
# ------------------------------
# enablekan nat untuk sharing internet
nat enable yes
# ------------------------------
# enable dcc send pada client di belakang gateway
nat same_ports yes
nat use_sockets yes
# ------------------------------
# untuk cek connection error/link/speed : tail -f /var/log/ppp.log
set log phase tun connect
# ------------------------------
# redirect port dari luar ke mana2 ip belakang gateway
# nat port tcp
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:80 8080
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:21 2121
# ------------------------------
# auto set dns server dalam /etc/resolv.conf
# enable dns
# atau disable terus auto set dns
disable dns
# atau pakai dns server lain
# set dns 127.0.0.1
# ------------------------------
set redial 3 0
set reconnect 2 10
# ------------------------------
# /dev/cuaa0 = com1 , /dev/cuaa1 = com2
set device /dev/cuaa1
# ------------------------------
set speed 115200
set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 5 \"\" AT OK-AT-OK ATE1Q0 OK \\dATDT\\T TIMEOUT 40 CONNECT"
set login
set timeout 15
set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0
set openmode active
# ------------------------------
# tak perlu sangat benda ni.
# enable pap
# disable lqr
# deny lqr
# disable pred1
# deny pred1
# ------------------------------
# Dial-up Connection label (external Modem sahaja!)
tmnet:
set phone 1515
set authname loginname
set authkey yourpassword
jaring:
set phone 1511
set authname loginname
set authkey yourpassword
# file tamat, boleh tambah lagi sebanyak mana label yang anda mahu.
Streamyx Dialer
----------------
# MaUi^ (Feb 26, 2003) http://staff.MyBSD.org.my/maui
# ADSL form ( /etc/ppp/ppp.conf )
# File ni kene letak dalam /etc/ppp/
# Perhatian! kene ada space pada setiap line di dalam satu label (label bermula dengan ":")
# Tanda "#" di depan line menandakan ppp tidak membaca line ini (remark)
# untuk dial, taip --> ppp -ddial label (sebarang label yang ada)
default:
# ------------------------------
# memberi kebenaran user bernama menu membuat dialing
# allow users menu
# ------------------------------
# setkan default gateway bila online
add default HISADDR
# ------------------------------
# enablekan nat untuk sharing internet
nat enable yes
# ------------------------------
# enable dcc send pada client di belakang gateway
nat same_ports yes
nat use_sockets yes
# ------------------------------
# untuk cek connection error/link/speed : tail -f /var/log/ppp.log
set log phase tun connect
# ------------------------------
# redirect port dari luar ke mana2 ip belakang gateway
# nat port tcp
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:80 8080
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:21 2121
# ------------------------------
# auto set dns server dalam /etc/resolv.conf
# enable dns
# atau disable terus auto set dns
disable dns
# atau pakai dns server lain
# set dns 127.0.0.1
# ------------------------------
# tak perlu sangat benda ni.
# enable pap
# disable lqr
# deny lqr
# disable pred1
# deny pred1
# ------------------------------
# ADSL Connection label (ppp over ethernet/PPPoE)
adsl:
# ------------------------------
# rl1 adalah device untuk membuat pppoe, tukar ikut device network card anda
# kalau line selalu putus atau tak stable,
# setkan ip "bodoh" pada rl1 ni (ni on-fly, temp!) : ifconfig rl1 0.0.0.0 mtu 1492
# nak save letak ni dalam /etc/rc.conf : ifconfig_rl1="0.0.0.0 mtu 1492"
set device PPPoE:rl1
# ------------------------------
enable lqr
set cd 5
set dial
set login
set redial 0 0
set speed sync
set mru 1492
set mtu 1492
set ctsrts off
# ------------------------------
# setkan login name dan password!
set authname loginname@isp
set authkey yourpassword
# ------------------------------
# file tamat, boleh tambah lagi sebanyak mana label yang anda mahu.
Dialup (external modem)
--------------------------
# MaUi^ (Feb 26, 2003) http://staff.MyBSD.org.my/maui
# Dialup form ( /etc/ppp/ppp.conf )
# File ni kene letak dalam /etc/ppp/
# Perhatian! kene ada space pada setiap line di dalam satu label (label bermula dengan ":")
# Tanda "#" di depan line menandakan ppp tidak membaca line ini (remark)
# untuk dial, taip --> ppp -ddial label (sebarang label yang ada)
default:
# ------------------------------
# memberi kebenaran user bernama menu membuat dialing
# allow users menu
# ------------------------------
# setkan default gateway bila online
add default HISADDR
# ------------------------------
# enablekan nat untuk sharing internet
nat enable yes
# ------------------------------
# enable dcc send pada client di belakang gateway
nat same_ports yes
nat use_sockets yes
# ------------------------------
# untuk cek connection error/link/speed : tail -f /var/log/ppp.log
set log phase tun connect
# ------------------------------
# redirect port dari luar ke mana2 ip belakang gateway
# nat port tcp
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:80 8080
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:21 2121
# ------------------------------
# auto set dns server dalam /etc/resolv.conf
# enable dns
# atau disable terus auto set dns
disable dns
# atau pakai dns server lain
# set dns 127.0.0.1
# ------------------------------
set redial 3 0
set reconnect 2 10
# ------------------------------
# /dev/cuaa0 = com1 , /dev/cuaa1 = com2
set device /dev/cuaa1
# ------------------------------
set speed 115200
set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 5 \"\" AT OK-AT-OK ATE1Q0 OK \\dATDT\\T TIMEOUT 40 CONNECT"
set login
set timeout 15
set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0
set openmode active
# ------------------------------
# tak perlu sangat benda ni.
# enable pap
# disable lqr
# deny lqr
# disable pred1
# deny pred1
# ------------------------------
# Dial-up Connection label (external Modem sahaja!)
tmnet:
set phone 1515
set authname loginname
set authkey yourpassword
jaring:
set phone 1511
set authname loginname
set authkey yourpassword
# file tamat, boleh tambah lagi sebanyak mana label yang anda mahu.
----------------
# MaUi^ (Feb 26, 2003) http://staff.MyBSD.org.my/maui
# ADSL form ( /etc/ppp/ppp.conf )
# File ni kene letak dalam /etc/ppp/
# Perhatian! kene ada space pada setiap line di dalam satu label (label bermula dengan ":")
# Tanda "#" di depan line menandakan ppp tidak membaca line ini (remark)
# untuk dial, taip --> ppp -ddial label (sebarang label yang ada)
default:
# ------------------------------
# memberi kebenaran user bernama menu membuat dialing
# allow users menu
# ------------------------------
# setkan default gateway bila online
add default HISADDR
# ------------------------------
# enablekan nat untuk sharing internet
nat enable yes
# ------------------------------
# enable dcc send pada client di belakang gateway
nat same_ports yes
nat use_sockets yes
# ------------------------------
# untuk cek connection error/link/speed : tail -f /var/log/ppp.log
set log phase tun connect
# ------------------------------
# redirect port dari luar ke mana2 ip belakang gateway
# nat port tcp
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:80 8080
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:21 2121
# ------------------------------
# auto set dns server dalam /etc/resolv.conf
# enable dns
# atau disable terus auto set dns
disable dns
# atau pakai dns server lain
# set dns 127.0.0.1
# ------------------------------
# tak perlu sangat benda ni.
# enable pap
# disable lqr
# deny lqr
# disable pred1
# deny pred1
# ------------------------------
# ADSL Connection label (ppp over ethernet/PPPoE)
adsl:
# ------------------------------
# rl1 adalah device untuk membuat pppoe, tukar ikut device network card anda
# kalau line selalu putus atau tak stable,
# setkan ip "bodoh" pada rl1 ni (ni on-fly, temp!) : ifconfig rl1 0.0.0.0 mtu 1492
# nak save letak ni dalam /etc/rc.conf : ifconfig_rl1="0.0.0.0 mtu 1492"
set device PPPoE:rl1
# ------------------------------
enable lqr
set cd 5
set dial
set login
set redial 0 0
set speed sync
set mru 1492
set mtu 1492
set ctsrts off
# ------------------------------
# setkan login name dan password!
set authname loginname@isp
set authkey yourpassword
# ------------------------------
# file tamat, boleh tambah lagi sebanyak mana label yang anda mahu.
Dialup (external modem)
--------------------------
# MaUi^ (Feb 26, 2003) http://staff.MyBSD.org.my/maui
# Dialup form ( /etc/ppp/ppp.conf )
# File ni kene letak dalam /etc/ppp/
# Perhatian! kene ada space pada setiap line di dalam satu label (label bermula dengan ":")
# Tanda "#" di depan line menandakan ppp tidak membaca line ini (remark)
# untuk dial, taip --> ppp -ddial label (sebarang label yang ada)
default:
# ------------------------------
# memberi kebenaran user bernama menu membuat dialing
# allow users menu
# ------------------------------
# setkan default gateway bila online
add default HISADDR
# ------------------------------
# enablekan nat untuk sharing internet
nat enable yes
# ------------------------------
# enable dcc send pada client di belakang gateway
nat same_ports yes
nat use_sockets yes
# ------------------------------
# untuk cek connection error/link/speed : tail -f /var/log/ppp.log
set log phase tun connect
# ------------------------------
# redirect port dari luar ke mana2 ip belakang gateway
# nat port tcp
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:80 8080
# nat port tcp 192.168.1.1:21 2121
# ------------------------------
# auto set dns server dalam /etc/resolv.conf
# enable dns
# atau disable terus auto set dns
disable dns
# atau pakai dns server lain
# set dns 127.0.0.1
# ------------------------------
set redial 3 0
set reconnect 2 10
# ------------------------------
# /dev/cuaa0 = com1 , /dev/cuaa1 = com2
set device /dev/cuaa1
# ------------------------------
set speed 115200
set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 5 \"\" AT OK-AT-OK ATE1Q0 OK \\dATDT\\T TIMEOUT 40 CONNECT"
set login
set timeout 15
set ifaddr 10.0.0.1/0 10.0.0.2/0 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0
set openmode active
# ------------------------------
# tak perlu sangat benda ni.
# enable pap
# disable lqr
# deny lqr
# disable pred1
# deny pred1
# ------------------------------
# Dial-up Connection label (external Modem sahaja!)
tmnet:
set phone 1515
set authname loginname
set authkey yourpassword
jaring:
set phone 1511
set authname loginname
set authkey yourpassword
# file tamat, boleh tambah lagi sebanyak mana label yang anda mahu.
Monday, September 01, 2003
4.1.3.1 - Creating floppies on Unix.
To create a formatted floppy, use the fdformat(1) command to both format and check for bad sectors.
# fdformat /dev/rfd0c
Format 1440K floppy `/dev/rfd0c'? (y/n): y
Processing VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV done.
If your output is like the above example, then your disk is OK. However, if you do not see ALL "V"'s then your disk is most likely bad, and you should try a new one.
Once you have a clean, formatted floppy it is time to write the installation image to floppy. For this, you can use the dd(1) utility. An example usage of dd(1) is below:
# dd if=floppy33.fs of=/dev/rfd0c bs=32k
Once the image is written, check to make sure that the copied image is the same as the original with the cmp(1) command. If the diskette is identical to the image, you will just see another prompt.
# cmp /dev/rfd0c floppy33.fs
get floppy33.fs from here ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.3/i386/floppy33.fs
The i386 platform has five separate installation disk images to choose from:
* floppy33.fs (Desktop PC) supports many PCI and ISA NICs, IDE and simple SCSI adapters and some PCMCIA support.
* floppyB33.fs (Servers) supports many RAID controllers, and some of the less common SCSI adapters. However, support for many standard SCSI adapters and many EISA and ISA NICS has been removed.
* floppyC33.fs (Laptops) supports the Cardbus and PCMCIA devices found in many laptops.
* cdrom33.fs is, in effect a combination of all three boot disks. It can be used to make a bootable 2.88M floppy, or more commonly, as a boot image for a custom recordable CD.
* cd33.iso is an ISO9660 image that can be used to create a bootable CD with most popular CDR creation software on most platforms. This is cdrom33.fs in a "ready to record" format.
Most i386 users will just use the floppy33.fs installation floppy.
To create a formatted floppy, use the fdformat(1) command to both format and check for bad sectors.
# fdformat /dev/rfd0c
Format 1440K floppy `/dev/rfd0c'? (y/n): y
Processing VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV done.
If your output is like the above example, then your disk is OK. However, if you do not see ALL "V"'s then your disk is most likely bad, and you should try a new one.
Once you have a clean, formatted floppy it is time to write the installation image to floppy. For this, you can use the dd(1) utility. An example usage of dd(1) is below:
# dd if=floppy33.fs of=/dev/rfd0c bs=32k
Once the image is written, check to make sure that the copied image is the same as the original with the cmp(1) command. If the diskette is identical to the image, you will just see another prompt.
# cmp /dev/rfd0c floppy33.fs
get floppy33.fs from here ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/3.3/i386/floppy33.fs
The i386 platform has five separate installation disk images to choose from:
* floppy33.fs (Desktop PC) supports many PCI and ISA NICs, IDE and simple SCSI adapters and some PCMCIA support.
* floppyB33.fs (Servers) supports many RAID controllers, and some of the less common SCSI adapters. However, support for many standard SCSI adapters and many EISA and ISA NICS has been removed.
* floppyC33.fs (Laptops) supports the Cardbus and PCMCIA devices found in many laptops.
* cdrom33.fs is, in effect a combination of all three boot disks. It can be used to make a bootable 2.88M floppy, or more commonly, as a boot image for a custom recordable CD.
* cd33.iso is an ISO9660 image that can be used to create a bootable CD with most popular CDR creation software on most platforms. This is cdrom33.fs in a "ready to record" format.
Most i386 users will just use the floppy33.fs installation floppy.
